• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The invention relates to an enthalpy exchanger with a double gas flow, comprising first and second gas circulation plates (2a, 2b) stacked alternately in a stacking direction (115) and separated by membranes (6) permeable to water vapor and impervious to gas and liquid water. Each of the first and second plates (2a, 2b) comprises: - first and second strips (10, 12) inscribed in offset planes, the first and second strips being parallel to a longitudinal direction (116) of the exchanger and arranged alternately in a transverse direction (118); connecting members (14) connecting the first and second strips (10, 12); - Elongated members (16) for plating the membrane (6) against the plate (2a, 2b) directly consecutive in the stack, the members (16) projecting in the stack direction (115) to from the first bands (10).
    公开号:FR3055951A1
    申请号:FR1658596
    申请日:2016-09-14
    公开日:2018-03-16
    发明作者:Mathieu Mariotto
    申请人:Commissariat a lEnergie Atomique CEA；Commissariat a lEnergie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives CEA；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    DESCRIPTION
    The invention relates to the field of exchangers with double gas flow, of the type allowing a thermal transfer as well as a humidity transfer between the two flows passing through the exchanger. Such an exchanger ensuring this double transfer is also commonly called "total exchanger" or "enthalpy exchanger".
    The main application of the invention aims to pass two air flows through the exchanger, so as to obtain an enthalpy recuperator for the treatment of air. However, other applications are envisaged for the present invention, such as those requiring simultaneous transfer of sensitive energy and material via molecular diffusion through a membrane. By way of examples, it may be a process for the purification and treatment of gaseous effluents, or even the production of special gases.
    As indicated above, the invention preferably applies to the field of air conditioning and conditioning systems, for residential or tertiary buildings. In this application, the exchanger guarantees a heat transfer between the stale air flow and the fresh air flow, but also a moisture transfer between these two flows, from the wettest environment to the driest environment.
    Such exchangers are widely known in the prior art, in particular documents CA 2 805 541 and WO 2013/091099. Document WO2012 / 045717 is also known, which relates to an enthalpy exchanger with improved performance, essentially thanks to the use of cells oriented parallel to the stacking direction of the membranes and of the air circulation networks integrating these cells.
    More recent exchangers, such as that described in the document WO
    2016/016330, provide improved solutions in terms of compactness and heat transfer performance. In fact, the design proposed in this document makes it possible to benefit from all the advantages provided by the presence of the cells within the air circulation networks, while offering compactness and increased heat transfer performance. The hollows defined by the edges of the cell walls allow the second network to nest in the first network, in the stacking direction. This nesting results in a greater compactness of the exchanger, but also in better thermal performance. This last advantage is explained by the fact that the exchange interface between the two air flows is no longer substantially planar, but structured thanks to the judicious presence of the aforementioned recesses. This structuring allows a design in which the heat exchanges are no longer carried out only at the high and low ends of the networks in the stack, but also laterally. In other words, the heat exchange surfaces are no longer planes parallel to each other and orthogonal to the stacking direction, but more complex surfaces, of non-straight section.
    However, the design described in document WO 2016/016330 is relatively complex, and therefore requires the implementation of complex and expensive manufacturing techniques.
    To respond to this problem, the invention provides a double gas flow exchanger, allowing heat transfer and humidity transfer between the two gas flows, the exchanger comprising a plurality of first and second gas circulation plates alternately stacked in a stacking direction and separated two by two by membranes permeable to water vapor and impermeable to said gases and to liquid water, at least some of said membranes having in section along a transverse plane of the exchanger, a form of broken line representing a triangle signal.
    According to the invention, each of the first and second gas circulation plates comprises:
    - first bands inscribed in a foreground of the plate concerned;
    - second strips forming part of a second plane of the plate concerned, said second plane being parallel to said first plane and offset from the latter in the stacking direction, the first and second bands being parallel to a longitudinal direction of the exchanger and arranged alternately in a transverse direction of this exchanger;
    - connecting members connecting the first and second directly consecutive bands; and
    - elongated members for pressing the membrane against the directly consecutive plate in the stack, the elongated members projecting in the stacking direction from the first strips and being spaced apart from each other in the longitudinal direction; along each first strip, each elongate plating member extending in a first plate recess defined between the first strip which carries it and the two second directly consecutive strips arranged on either side of said first strip.
    The invention makes it possible to benefit from a high compactness and high performance, while remaining based on a simple design facilitating its realization, and thus reducing its manufacturing costs, for example by the implementation of simple techniques in the field of plastics. As indicative examples, the plates can be manufactured by plastic injection, or by simple press.
    In addition, the mechanical strength of the exchanger proves satisfactory thanks to the use of elongated plating members, which not only fulfill the function of maintaining and shaping the membranes, but also a function of supporting the plates. on top of each other. Indeed, the structured membranes are preferably flexible and shaped by being sandwiched between the successive plates of the stack. This makes it possible to ensure that the membranes concerned have the precise shape desired between the plates. In addition, this solution makes it possible to compensate for any deformations of the membrane linked to the transfers of water vapor, in particular in the case of high relative humidity.
    Another function of the elongated plating members lies in the creation of obstacles within the gas circulation channels, oriented in the stacking direction. These obstacles make it possible to generate convective movements which are beneficial to improving the transfer of sensible heat and water vapor between the two flows.
    The invention also has at least one of the following optional features, taken individually or in combination.
    According to a first preferred embodiment of the invention, a first and a second gas flow plates directly consecutive in the stack are arranged so that each first plate recess of the first plate is located opposite, in the stacking direction, of a second plate recess of the second plate defined between one of its second strips and two first directly consecutive strips arranged on either side of said second strip, the second plate recess being married by a V-shaped portion of the membrane open in the direction of said first hollow and jointly forming a first circulation channel for a first gas flow traversed by the elongated plating members, and the first and second gas circulation plates define a first row of several first circulation channels of the first adjacent gas flow in the transverse direction of the exchanger.
    Likewise, a second and a first gas circulation plates directly consecutive in the stack are arranged such that each first plate recess of the second plate is located opposite, in the stacking direction, a second plate hollow of the first plate defined between one of its second bands and two first directly consecutive bands arranged on either side of said second band, the second plate hollow being joined by a V-shaped portion of the open membrane in the direction of said first recess and jointly forming a second circulation channel for a second gas flow traversed by the elongated plating members, and the second and first gas circulation plates delimit a second row of several second circulation channels of the second adjacent gas flows in the transverse direction of the exchanger.
    Thus, this first preferred embodiment allows the first and second circulation channels to be staggered, this configuration also being called "checkerboard". It results from an offset of a transverse half-step between the first and second directly consecutive channels in the stacking direction.
    Preferably, in section along said transverse plane of the exchanger, the first and second channels have the shape of squares or diamonds arranged in staggered rows.
    Preferably, each first and second plate is equipped, at its two ends in the longitudinal direction of the exchanger, with a flow separation sheet produced in one piece with the plate concerned, the flow separation sheet being arranged in a plane orthogonal to the stacking direction and passing through, on the plate concerned, the first and second recesses arranged alternately in the transverse direction of the exchanger, the flow separation sheet having a first surface arranged on the side of the first strips of the plate concerned as well as a second opposite surface arranged on the side of the second strips of this plate.
    In addition, the sheet is equipped at its first surface with first members for closing the first recesses, and equipped at its second surface with second members for closing the second recesses.
    Finally, the sheets make it possible to define between them first distributors / collectors of the first gas flow each communicating with a row of first circulation channels, and second distributors / collectors of the second gas flow each communicating with a row of second gas channels circulation.
    The fact of integrating these sheets with the plates advantageously makes it possible to avoid having to bring back collectors / distributors of the gas, sources of risks of leaks and breaks. In addition, this allows profitability gains in terms of assembly time and costs, as well as in terms of manufacturing and storage costs.
    Preferably, the flow separation sheets include structured edges revealing first openings and second openings giving access respectively to the first distributors / collectors and to the second distributors / collectors. In this case, it is preferably provided that at each longitudinal end of the exchanger, the first openings are arranged on the same side of the exchanger and the second openings are arranged on an opposite side with respect to the transverse direction of the exchanger. Therefore, each side can be dedicated to the passage of one of the two flows.
    Preferably, the second surface of the sheets is also equipped with additional elongated members for pressing the membrane against the first surface of the sheet directly consecutive in the stack. These additional members allow not only the support of the sheets relative to each other, but also to create active zones at the level of the distributors / collectors within which the membranes are then extended.
    To soften the transition between the active area of the exchanger and the distributors / collectors, and thus limit the pressure losses that may be harmful, it is ensured that the first and second obturation members each have a shape which tapers away from the plate recesses.
    Preferably, each second strip of one of the plates is pressed against one of the first strips of one of the plates directly consecutive in the stack, with the membrane interposed between the two, and the first and second strips are shaped to partially fit into each other. This makes it possible to strengthen the mechanical support between the plates. For the same purpose, it is preferably made so that each elongated plating member is pressed against one of the second strips of one of the directly consecutive plates in the stack, with the membrane interposed between the two, and that the elongated members are shaped to partially fit into the second strips.
    According to a second preferred embodiment of the invention, the exchanger comprises a succession of modules stacked in the stacking direction, each module comprising:
    - A substantially flat membrane orthogonal to the stacking direction, said membrane being permeable to water vapor and impermeable to said gases and to liquid water;
    - A first gas circulation plate, the second strips and the elongated plating members are pressed against said substantially planar membrane, so that the first recesses as well as the parts of the substantially planar membrane facing these recesses jointly form a first row of several first circulation channels of a first adjacent gas flow in the transverse direction of the exchanger and of triangular cross section;
    a second gas circulation plate arranged symmetrically with respect to the first plate according to the substantially planar membrane, and the second strips of which and the elongated plating members are pressed against said substantially planar membrane, so that the first recesses as well as the parts of the substantially planar membrane facing these recesses jointly form a second row of several second channels for circulation of a second stream of adjacent gases in the transverse direction of the exchanger and of triangular cross section;
    - one of said membranes in the form of a broken line representing a triangle signal, conforming to the first plate on the side opposite to that on which said substantially flat membrane is located, and two modules directly consecutive in the stack are arranged so that the portions in V of the membrane of a second module, open towards a first module, are penetrated by the second plate of this first module so as to enclose said membrane between this second plate of the first module and the first plate of the second module .
    Whatever the embodiment envisaged, each membrane is a flexible membrane, as has been mentioned previously. Alternatively, the membrane may have greater rigidity, but in this case it is then preferably preformed before its integration into the stack.
    In addition, the stack of plates is preferably housed in an outer casing of the exchanger.
    The elongated plating members can preferably take any of the following forms:
    - fingers, preferably of square, rectangular, circular, or elliptical section;
    - strips, for example of rectangular or elliptical section, the strips possibly being perforated.
    Finally, the exchanger comprises, at the opposite ends of the stack of first and second plates, respectively two closure plates each having a structured face dedicated to the formation of fluid circulation channels, as well as an opposite face of substantially shape plane. This feature makes it possible to give a substantially parallelepiped shape to the exchanger.
    The invention also relates to an air treatment and conditioning system comprising an exchanger as described above.
    Other advantages and characteristics of the invention will appear in the detailed non-limiting description below.
    This description will be made with reference to the accompanying drawings, among which;
    - Figure 1 shows a schematic front view of an air conditioning and treatment system comprising a double air flow exchanger according to the present invention;
    - Figure 2 shows, in more detail, a schematic perspective view of the exchanger shown in Figure 1, in the form of a first preferred embodiment of the invention;
    - Figure 3 is a view of the exchanger shown in the previous figure, cut by a transverse plane at its center;
    - Figure 4 is a perspective view of the exchanger shown in the previous figures, without its outer casing;
    - Figure 5 shows a perspective view of one of the gas circulation plates used in the design of the exchanger shown in the previous figures;
    - Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view of the plate shown in the previous figure;
    - Figure 7 is a top view of the plate shown in Figures 5 and 6;
    - Figures 8a to 8d show partial views similar to that of Figure 7, showing alternative embodiments;
    - Figures 9a to 9d show exemplary embodiments of the elongated membrane plating members, provided on the plates illustrated in the preceding figures;
    - Figure 10 shows an exploded view in cross section of a stack of membranes and gas circulation plates of the exchanger shown in the previous figures;
    - Figure 10a is a view similar to the previous one, not exploded;
    - Figure 10b is a similar to the previous one, with the gas circulation channels having a different diamond shape;
    - Figure 11 is a cross-sectional view of the stack forming the exchanger shown in the previous figures;
    - Figure 12 shows a partial view similar to that of Figure 10a, according to an alternative embodiment;
    - Figure 13 shows one of the second gas circulation plates, equipped with its flow separation sheets;
    - Figure 13a shows one of the first gas circulation plates, equipped with its flow separation sheets;
    - Figure 14 is a sectional view of a stack of several plates shown in Figures 13 and 13a;
    - Figure 15 is a perspective view of the stack equipped with its distributors and gas collectors formed by the flow separation sheets;
    - Figure 16 is an enlarged perspective view of part of the plate shown in Figure 13;
    - Figure 17 is a perspective view similar to that of Figure 13, with the plate appearing according to an alternative embodiment;
    - Figure 18 is a view of the plate shown in the previous figure, from the opposite side;
    - Figure 19 is an enlarged view of part of the plate shown in the previous figure;
    - Figure 20 shows an exploded view in cross section of a stack of membranes and gas circulation plates of the exchanger, according to a second preferred embodiment of the invention;
    - Figure 20a is a view similar to the previous one, not exploded; and
    - Figure 21 is a cross-sectional view of the stack forming the exchanger shown in Figures 20 and 20a.
    Referring firstly to FIG. 1, there is shown an air treatment and conditioning system 100, equipping a building 102. This system 100 comprises in particular a double air flow exchanger 1, specific to the present invention. Here, the exchanger 1 guarantees a heat transfer between the stale air flow A leaving the building 102, and the fresh air flow B entering the same building. In other words, in addition to renewing the air in the building 102, the system 100, thanks to its heat exchanger 1, makes it possible to recover the heat or the coolness contained in the stale air A evacuated from the housing, and supplying it to the incoming fresh air flow B. The system 100 thus makes it possible to avoid the waste of energy for heating or air conditioning of the building 102.
    For example, the stale air flow A can have a temperature of 22 ° C before leaving the building, and the fresh air flow B can have a temperature of 0 ° C before entering the building . After heat transfer in the exchanger, the flow B can reach 20 ° C leaving the exchanger and entering the building, and the flow A can be cooled to a temperature of 2 ° C leaving the exchanger and of the building. In this case, in heating mode, the incoming air is cold and dry, and the exchanger makes it possible to humidify and preheat this incoming dry air under acceptable thermal comfort conditions. At the same time, the stale air cools and discharges part of its humidity.
    However, other modes of operation are possible. First of all, in air conditioning mode with the hot and humid incoming air, the exchanger makes it possible to dehumidify and cool this incoming air at acceptable thermal comfort conditions. The stale air heats up and becomes charged with humidity. In addition, in air conditioning mode with the hot and dry incoming air, the exchanger makes it possible to humidify and cool the incoming air under acceptable thermal comfort conditions. In fact, the stale air heats up and discharges part of its humidity here.
    To allow circulation of flows A and B, the system 100 is completed by two fans 104, shown diagrammatically in FIG. 1.
    As mentioned above, the exchanger 1 is therefore also designed to ensure a transfer of moisture between these two flows A and B, from the wettest medium to the driest medium. This exchanger 1 is therefore qualified as a total exchanger or even an enthalpy exchanger.
    In Figures 2 to 4, there is shown the exchanger 1 according to a first preferred embodiment of the invention. The exchanger 1 comprises an outer casing 106, or housing, forming a space in which the heart of the exchanger is housed. This core consists of a stack 110 of membranes and air circulation plates stacked in a stacking direction 115, as will be detailed below.
    This stacking direction 115, or also vertical direction, is orthogonal to a longitudinal direction 116 of the exchanger, as well as to a transverse direction 118 of the latter.
    At the two opposite ends of the exchanger in its longitudinal direction 116, there are air distributors and collectors cooperating with the plates, so as to distribute and collect the two air flows A and B. The distributors and the collectors will be described later.
    With reference now to FIGS. 5 to 7, the design of the air circulation plates present in the stack will be described. Two types of plates are provided, namely first plates 2a as well as second plates 2b arranged alternately in the stack, but the design principle is identical, and shown in FIGS. 5 to 7.
    Indeed, each plate 2a, 2b is structured and perforated, being produced in one piece from plastic, for example by a simple injection or press process. First of all, it has first parallel strips 10 forming part of a first plane PI of the plate concerned, this plane PI being orthogonal to the stacking direction 115. The strips 10 are parallel to the longitudinal direction 116, and s 'preferably extend over the entire length of the associated plate.
    Similarly, each plate 2a, 2b has second parallel strips 12 which are inscribed in a second plane P2 of the plate concerned, this second plane P2 being parallel to the first plane PI and offset from the latter in the stacking direction 115 In the stack shown in FIGS. 5 to 7, the second plane P2 is located below the first plane PI.
    The first and second strips 10, 12 are spaced from each other in the transverse direction 118, in which they are arranged alternately.
    To ensure mechanical cohesion between these strips 10, 12, each plate 2a, 2b also comprises connecting members 14 which connect them. More specifically, the connecting members 14 are elongated members, of the stud or lamella type, for example of square, circular, or other section. Each member 14 connects one of the first strips 10 to the second directly consecutive strip 12 in the transverse direction 118. In cross section of the plate 2a, 2b, the connecting members 14 jointly produce a structure having the shape of a line broken representing a signal in triangle, and more exactly a right triangle. Finally, as can be seen in FIGS. 5 and 7, several members 14 spaced apart in the longitudinal direction 116 connect two directly consecutive strips 10, 12.
    In top view such as that shown in FIG. 7, the members 14 are oriented parallel to the transverse direction 118. However, other configurations are possible, in which the members 14 are always straight but inclined relative to the transverse direction 118 in top view, as shown in Figures 8a to 8d.
    By way of indicative examples, the thickness “Eb” of the strips 10, 12 is of the order of 0.75 mm. The longitudinal spacing "El" between two connecting members 14 is of the order of 10 mm, while the thickness of these members "Eo" is of the order of 1 mm, but can be reduced to 0 , 5 mm.
    One of the features of the invention resides in the presence of elongated plating members 16, intended to press a membrane against the plate directly consecutive to the stack, as will be described below. The elongated members 16 extend in projection in the stacking direction 115, from the first strips 10 and in the direction of the second strips 12. Each elongated member 16 thus extends in a first plate recess 18a defined between the first strip 10 which carries it, and the two second directly consecutive second strips 12 arranged on either side of the first strip, in the transverse direction 118. These first recesses 18a are alternately arranged in the transverse direction 118 with second recesses 18b , each defined between one of its second bands 12 and two first directly consecutive bands 10 arranged on either side of this second band. The first and second recesses 18a, 18b are of triangular section, with their vertices in the form of right angles oriented in opposite directions from the stacking direction 115.
    The member 16 extends beyond this first recess 18a, since its length corresponds substantially to twice the height of the first recess 18a. As an indication, each elongated member has a width of the order of 0.75 mm, and a length of the order of 5 to 15 mm.
    Like the connecting members 14, the elongate plating members 16 are spaced apart from each other in the longitudinal direction 116, along each first strip 10. The shape of these members 16 can be of the finger, or stud, type. example of square section as shown in Figure 9a, circular as shown in Figure 9b, or elliptical as shown in Figure 9c. It can also be a slightly wider element of the lamella type, shown in FIG. 9d, of rectangular section. In the latter case, the elongate plating member 16 can be perforated.
    With reference now to FIGS. 10 and 10a, several elements of the stack 110 are shown, namely successively in the stacking direction
    115, a first plate 2a, a membrane 6, a second plate 2b, a membrane 6 and a first plate 2a. The plates 2a, 2b are of the type described above, while the membranes 6 are flexible polymer membranes, permeable to water vapor and impermeable to air and to liquid water. It is therefore through these membranes 6 separating the circulation channels of the air flows that the transfer of moisture takes place between the two flows A and B. Such membranes 6 are also called "waterproof-breathable membranes".
    In the stack, these membranes 6 all adopt, in section along a transverse plane of the exchanger, the shape of a broken line representing a triangle signal identical to that formed by the connecting members 14. This shape is not not obtained by construction, but by clamping each membrane between two directly consecutive plates 2a, 2b. However, in the case of more rigid membranes, it is still advisable to preform the membrane with a template in order to best match the shapes of the plates.
    As will become clear from what follows, each membrane 6 of the stack follows the shape of the upper surface of each plate 2a, 2b, and is pressed against this upper surface by the second strips 12 and the elongated plating members 16 of the plate located directly above in the stack.
    It is noted that for the first plate 2a and the second plate 2b located at the top of FIGS. 10 and 10a, their arrangement is such that each first plate recess 18a of the first plate 2a is located opposite, in the stacking direction 115, a second plate hollow 18b of the second plate 2b. This second plate recess 18b, in the form of a V open upwards facing the first recess 18a, is joined by a V-shaped portion of similar shape belonging to the membrane 6. The first recess 18a and the V-shaped portion of the membrane jointly form a first channel 4a for circulation of the first air flow A, this channel 4a extending longitudinally and therefore being traversed by the elongated plating members 16, spaced apart in the direction 116.
    Such first channels 4a are defined adjacent in the transverse direction 118 by the first and second air circulation plates 2a, 2b, thus forming a first row 5a of several first channels 4a.
    Similarly, for the second plate 2b and the first plate 2a located at the bottom of FIGS. 10 and 10a, their arrangement is such that each first plate recess 18a of the second plate 2b is located opposite, in the stacking direction 115, of a second plate hollow 18b of the first plate 2a. This second plate recess 18b, in the form of a V open upwards facing the first recess 18a, is joined by a V-shaped portion of similar shape belonging to the membrane 6. The first recess 18a and the V-shaped portion of the membrane jointly form a first channel 4b for circulation of the second air flow B, this channel 4b extending longitudinally and therefore being traversed by the elongated plating members 16, spaced apart in the direction 116.
    Such second channels 4b are defined adjacent in the transverse direction 118 by the second and first air circulation plates 2b, 2a, thus forming a second row 5b of several second channels 4b.
    The first and second channels 4a, 4b are thus each in the form of a square in cross section, and arranged in staggered rows. This particular arrangement, visible in FIG. 10a, is also called “checkerboard”. Such an arrangement can also be adopted with other shapes of channels, for example a diamond shape shown in FIG. 10b, also called the "diamond" shape.
    As is apparent from the above, the design of the first and second plates 2a, 2b is analogous, based on the repetition in the transverse direction 118, of a pattern of width "P" comprising the first hollow 18a as well as the organs of plating 16 passing through this first hollow. At the interfaces between these patterns, the second recesses 18b are defined. The first and second plates 2a, 2b therefore differ only by an offset of a half-step "P / 2" between the patterns. It is the same for two flexible membranes 6 directly consecutive in the stack, which are of identical shape but offset from each other by a value of a half-step "P / 2" in the direction 118 .
    Thus, the stack 110 corresponds to the repetition of a module Ml in the stacking direction 115, this module Ml being made up of four elements corresponding to all of the elements shown in FIG. 10, with the exception of the first plate 2a from the bottom.
    As shown in FIG. 11, the stack 110 is completed, at its two ends in the stacking direction 115, with two closure plates 22 also structured. The closure plate 22 located at the top of the stack is such that it makes it possible to form a row 5b of second square channels 4b, with a membrane 6 interposed between this plate 22 and the first module M1. Similarly, the closure plate 22 located at the bottom of the stack is such that it makes it possible to form a row 5a of first square channels 4a, with a first plate 2a interposed between this plate 22 and the last module Ml of the 'stacking. In both cases, the closure plate 22 therefore has a structured face dedicated to the formation of fluid circulation channels, as well as an opposite face of substantially planar shape. This makes it possible to give the stack a parallelepiped shape, easily integrated into an air treatment system.
    Within the stack 110, the plates 2a, 2b are worn one another, in particular thanks to the elongated members 16 for pressing and shaping the membranes. To further improve the mechanical strength of the stack, sockets are provided between the two plates. For example, each second strip 12 of one of the plates 2a, 2b is pressed against the first adjacent strip 10 of the plate directly consecutive in the stack, and an interlocking between these two parts is performed by providing a chamfer 24 on the upper surface of the first strip 2a. The lower end of the second strip 12 therefore fits into the chamfer 24, with the membrane 6 interposed between the two and also locally taking the shape of the chamfer.
    Similarly, each elongated plating member 16 has its free end pressed against the second adjacent strip 12 of the plate directly consecutive in the stack. An interlocking between these two parts is practiced by providing a beveling of the free end of each member 16, the angle of which corresponds to the angle of the V of the second hollow associated with the second strip 12. The free end of the member 16 therefore fits into the second recess by being pressed against the second strip 12, with the membrane 6 interposed between the two and thus locally retaining its V shape.
    With reference now to FIGS. 13 to 15, there is shown one of the preferred options of the invention, aimed at producing each of the air circulation plates in one piece with two flow separation sheets 30a, 30b , arranged respectively at the two longitudinal ends of the plates. In FIG. 13, a second plate 2b is shown, but the design principle which will be described below applies similarly to the first plates 2a, one of which is shown in FIG. 13a.
    The two flow separation sheets 30a, 30b are arranged in the same plane Pf orthogonal to the stacking direction 115 and fictitiously crossing the first and second recesses 18a, 18b of the plate 2b. Each of these two sheets 30a, 30b associated with the plate 2b has a first surface 32, called the upper surface, arranged on the side of the first strips of the plate 2b, as well as a second opposite surface 34, called the lower surface, arranged on the side. of the second strips 12 of this plate.
    Each sheet 30a, 30b is equipped at its first surface 32 with first members 36 for closing the first recesses 18a at their longitudinal ends. It is also equipped, at its second surface 34, with second members 38 for closing the second recesses 18b at their longitudinal ends. Consequently, the air flow A circulating at the level of the upper surface 32 of the sheets 30a, 30b of the plate 2b cannot penetrate into the first recesses 18a of this plate, but only into the second recesses 18b. Likewise, the air flow B circulating at the level of the lower surface 34 of the sheets 30a, 30b of the plate 2b cannot penetrate into the second recesses 18b of this plate, but only into the first recesses 18a. Conversely, as can be seen in FIG. 14, the first plates 2a are such that the air flow B circulating at the level of the upper surface 32 of the sheets 30a, 30b of the plate 2b cannot penetrate into the first recesses 18a of this plate, but only in the second recesses 18b. Likewise, the air flow A circulating at the level of the lower surface 34 of the sheets 30a, 30b of the plate 2a cannot penetrate into the second recesses 18b of this plate, but only into the first recesses 18a.
    Thus, when the plates 2a, 2b equipped with their flow separation sheets 30a, 30b are stacked, these sheets define, in pairs, first distributors / collectors 112a, 114a of the first air flow A each communicating with a row of first circulation channels 4a, and second distributors / collectors 112b, 114b of the second air flow B, each communicating with a row of second circulation channels 4b. The sheets 30a, 30b include structured edges revealing first openings 40 giving access to the first distributors 112a at the level of the sheets 30a for the introduction of the flow A, as well as other first openings 40 at the level of the sheets 30b for the extraction of flow A. Likewise, the structured edges reveal second openings 42 giving access to the second distributors 112b at the level of the sheets 30b for the introduction of flow B, as well as other second openings 42 at the level of the sheets 30a for the extraction of flow B.
    In order to facilitate the supply and extraction of flows A and B, at each of the two longitudinal ends of the exchanger, the first openings 40 are arranged on the same side of the exchanger and the second openings 42 are arranged at an opposite side, with respect to the transverse direction 118. In this regard, it is mentioned that the relative position of the first and second openings 40, 42 is reversed between the two ends of the exchanger, and this in order to favor a good homogeneity of the flows circulating in the channels of the exchanger. The fact of separating the openings 40, 42 at each longitudinal end of the exchanger, makes it easier to feed and extract the flows.
    Referring to Figure 16, there is shown the first shutter members 36 of the air circulation channels. Like the second shutter members (not shown), these members 36 each have a shape which tapers away from the plate recesses. In other words, the section of these members gradually narrows, for example by being chamfered, in order to soften the transition between the active zone of the exchanger and the distributors / collectors. For the same purpose, chamfers 50 may be provided between the longitudinal ends of the second recesses 18b, and the flow separation sheet 30a.
    These features apply to each of the surfaces 32, 34 of the two sheets 30a, 30b.
    Finally, with reference to FIGS. 17 to 19, it is noted that the active zones of the exchanger can be extended as far as its collectors / distributors. To do this, the membranes are extended in these collectors / distributors, the sheets 30a, 30b of which are pierced, and equipped with additional elongated members 16 'for plating the membranes. More specifically, it is the second surfaces 34 of the sheets 30a, 30b which are equipped with additional elongated members 16 'for pressing the membrane against the first surface of the sheet directly consecutive in the stack. Obviously, the members 16 ′ also make it possible to strengthen the mechanical strength of the exchanger. The members 16 'are of similar shape and dimensions to those of the plating members 16, with the possible exception of larger members 16' located at the openings of the collectors / distributors.
    In this regard, it is noted that a membrane of an active zone can be extended in an adjacent collector and distributor as indicated below, but that preferably, the membrane is interrupted in the two chamfered zones in order to avoid the folds in these transition zones.
    In addition, for the installation of the membranes, several solutions are possible.
    According to a first embodiment, a membrane is placed between two directly consecutive plates, and the seal is formed between this membrane and the periphery of each of these plates. According to another embodiment, a single membrane is provided which is wound between the plates. At the level of its passage around the periphery of a plate, this membrane can be glued on this periphery, at the level of the contact zone. However, a solution with a flap and O-ring seal is also possible, without departing from the scope of the invention.
    Referring now to Figures 20 to 21, there is shown a stack 110 according to a second preferred embodiment of the present invention.
    This stack has many characteristics in common with the stack described with reference to the preceding figures, so that the elements bearing the same numerical references correspond to identical or similar elements.
    The stack 110 is produced by the alternation of air circulation plates 2a, 2b, of designs substantially similar to those of the plates of the first preferred embodiment. In particular, they each have first bands 10 located in a first plane PI, second bands located in a second plane P2 offset from the plane PI in the stacking direction 115. They also include the connecting members 14, as well as the elongated members 16 for plating the membranes. These members 16 are shortened compared to those of the first preferred embodiment, since they remain confined in the first recesses 18a with their free end inscribing in the plane P2. Here too, each plate 2a, 2b is produced by repeating, in the transverse direction 118, a pattern of width “P” comprising the first recess 18a as well as the plating members 16 passing through this first recess.
    In addition, the stack comprises membranes 6 having, in section along a transverse plane of the exchanger, a broken line shape representing a triangle signal, in the manner of the first embodiment. However, these membranes with hollows are arranged alternately with plane membranes 6, orthogonal to the stacking direction.
    More precisely, the stacking is carried out from a succession of modules stacked in the stacking direction 115, these modules being offset two by two by a half-step "P / 2" in the transverse direction.
    Each module, referenced Ml, firstly comprises a substantially flat membrane 6 orthogonal to the stacking direction 115, this membrane also being permeable to water vapor and impermeable to air and to liquid water.
    On either side of this membrane in the stacking direction 115, there is provided a first air circulation plate 2a as well as a second air circulation plate 2b. The first plate 2a is arranged in such a way that its second strips 12 as well as its elongated plating members 16 are pressed against the substantially planar membrane 6, while being located above this membrane. The first recesses 18a are then opened downwards in the stack.
    Consequently, the first recesses 18a as well as the parts of the substantially planar membrane opposite these recesses jointly form a first row 5a of several first channels 4a for circulation of the first flow A, these channels being adjacent in the transverse direction 118. From more, these channels 4a have a triangular cross section, preferably in the shape of a right triangle.
    The second plate 2b of the module M1 is arranged symmetrically with respect to the first plate 2a, along the plane of the membrane 6 corresponding substantially to the second plane P2. The second plate 2b is arranged so that its second strips 12 as well as its elongated plating members 16 are pressed against the substantially planar membrane 6, being located below this membrane. The first recesses 18a are then opened upwards in the stack. Consequently, the first recesses 18a as well as the parts of the substantially planar membrane opposite these recesses jointly form a second row 5b of several second channels 4b for circulation of the second flow B, these channels being adjacent in the transverse direction 118. From more, these channels 4b have a triangular cross section, preferably in the shape of a right triangle.
    Finally, in the upper part, the module M1 is supplemented by a membrane 6 in the form of a broken line representing a triangle signal, which follows the upper surface of the first plate 2a, that is to say the surface of the side opposite to the one where the substantially flat membrane is located 6.
    As indicated previously, two directly consecutive modules M1 in the stack are offset by a distance of half a step "P / 2" in the transverse direction 118, so that the V-shaped portions open towards the top of the membrane 6 of a second module Ml corresponding to the low module, are penetrated by the projections of the second plate 2b of a first module corresponding to the high module. In this way, the hollow membrane 6 is shaped by clamping between this second plate 2b of the first module and the first plate 2a of the second module.
    As can be seen in FIG. 21, the stack 110 is completed by two closure plates 22 also structured. The closure plate 22 located at the top of the stack is such that it makes it possible to form a row 5b of second square channels 4b, with a second plate 2b interposed between this plate 22 and the first module M1. Similarly, the closure plate 22 located at the bottom of the stack is such that it makes it possible to form a row 5a of first square channels
    4a, with a membrane 6 and a first plate 2a interposed between this plate 22 and the last module M1 of the stack.
    The other elements of the exchanger are substantially identical or similar to those described above in the context of the first preferred embodiment.
    Of course, various modifications can be made by a person skilled in the art to the invention which has just been described, only by way of nonlimiting examples.
    权利要求:
    Claims (18)
    [1" id="c-fr-0001]
    1. Exchanger (1) with double gas flow, allowing heat transfer and moisture transfer between the two gas flows (A, B), the exchanger comprising a plurality of first and second gas circulation plates ( 2a, 2b) stacked alternately in a stacking direction (115) and separated two by two by membranes (6) permeable to water vapor and impermeable to said gases and to liquid water, at least some of said membranes (6) having, in section along a transverse plane of the exchanger, a form of broken line representing a triangle signal, characterized in that each of the first and second gas circulation plates (2a, 2b) comprises:
    - first strips (10) forming part of a first plane (PI) of the plate concerned;
    - second bands (12) forming part of a second plane (P2) of the plate concerned, said second plane being parallel to said first plane and offset from the latter in the stacking direction (115), the first and second bands (10, 12) being parallel to a longitudinal direction (116) of the exchanger and arranged alternately in a transverse direction (118) of this exchanger;
    - connecting members (14) connecting the first and second strips (10,12) directly consecutive; and
    - elongated members (16) for pressing the membrane (6) against the plate (2a, 2b) directly consecutive in the stack, the elongated members projecting in the stacking direction (115) from the first strips (10) and being spaced from each other in the longitudinal direction (116) along each first strip (10), each elongate plating member (16) extending in a first defined plate recess (18a) between the first strip (10) which carries it and the two second directly consecutive second strips (12) arranged on either side of said first strip.
    [2" id="c-fr-0002]
    2. Exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that a first and a second gas circulation plates (2a, 2b) directly consecutive in the stack are arranged such that each first plate recess (18a) of the first plate (2a) is located opposite, in the stacking direction (115), of a second plate recess (18b) of the second plate (2b) defined between one of its second strips (12) and two first directly consecutive strips (10) arranged on either side of said second strip, the second plate recess (18b) being joined by a V-shaped portion of the membrane open towards said first recess and jointly forming a first channel (4a) for circulation of a first gas flow (A) traversed by the elongate plating members (16), and in that the first and second gas circulation plates (2a, 2b) delimit a first row (5a ) of several first channels (4a) for circulation of the first adjacent gas flow in the transverse direction (118) of the exchanger.
    [3" id="c-fr-0003]
    3. Exchanger according to claim 1 or claim 2, characterized in that a second and a first plates (2b, 2a) of gas flow directly consecutive in the stack are arranged such that each first plate hollow ( 18a) of the second plate (2b) is located opposite, in the stacking direction, of a second plate hollow (18b) of the first plate (2a) defined between one of its second strips (12) and two first directly consecutive strips (10) arranged on either side of said second strip, the second plate hollow (18b) being joined by a V-shaped portion of the membrane open towards said first hollow and jointly forming a second channel (4b) for circulation of a second gas flow (B) traversed by the elongated plating members (16), and in that the second and first plates (2b, 2a) for gas circulation delimit a second row ( 5b) of several second channels (5a) for circulation of the second gas flow a adjacent in the transverse direction (118) of the exchanger.
    [4" id="c-fr-0004]
    4. Exchanger according to claim 2 or claim 3, characterized in that in section along said transverse plane of the exchanger, the first and second channels (4a, 4b) have the shape of squares or diamonds arranged in staggered rows.
    [5" id="c-fr-0005]
    5. Exchanger according to any one of claims 3 and 4, characterized in that each first and second plate (2a, 2b) is equipped, at its two ends in the longitudinal direction (116) of the exchanger, with flow separation sheet (30a, 30b) made in one piece with the plate concerned, the flow separation sheet being arranged in a plane orthogonal to the stacking direction (115) and passing through, on the plate concerned, the first and second recesses (18a, 18b) arranged alternately in the transverse direction (118) of the exchanger, the flow separation sheet (30a, 30b) having a first surface (32) arranged on the side of the first strips ( 10) of the plate concerned as well as a second opposite surface (34) arranged on the side of the second strips (12) of this plate, in that the sheet (30a, 30b) is equipped at its first surface (32) first members (36) for closing the first recesses (18a), and equipped at s a second surface (34) of second members (38) for closing the second recesses (18b), and in that the sheets (30a, 30b) make it possible to define between them first distributors / collectors (112a, 114a) of the first gas flow each communicating with a row (5a) of first circulation channels (4a), and second distributors / collectors (112b, 114b) of the second gas flow each communicating with a row (5b) of second circulation channels ( 4b).
    [6" id="c-fr-0006]
    6. Exchanger according to claim 5, characterized in that the flow separation sheets (30a, 30b) include structured edges revealing first openings (40) and second openings (42) giving access respectively to the first distributors / collectors (112a, 114a) and the second distributors / collectors (112b, 114b).
    [7" id="c-fr-0007]
    7. Exchanger according to claim 6, characterized in that at each longitudinal end of the exchanger, the first openings (40) are arranged on the same side of the exchanger and the second openings (42) are arranged at an opposite side with respect to the transverse direction (118) of the exchanger.
    [8" id="c-fr-0008]
    8. Exchanger according to any one of claims 5 to 7, characterized in that the second surface (34) of the flow separation sheets (30a, 30b) is also equipped with additional elongated members (16 ') for plating the membrane (6) against the first surface (32) of the sheet directly consecutive in the stack.
    [9" id="c-fr-0009]
    9. Exchanger according to any one of claims 5 to 8, characterized in that the first and second closure members (36, 38) each have a shape which tapers away from the plate recesses (18a, 18b).
    [10" id="c-fr-0010]
    10. Exchanger according to any one of claims 2 to 9, characterized in that each second strip (12) of one of the plates (2a, 2b) is pressed against one of the first strips (10) of the one of the plates directly consecutive in the stack, with the membrane (6) interposed between the two, and in that the first and second strips (10, 12) are shaped to partially fit into each other.
    [11" id="c-fr-0011]
    11. Exchanger according to any one of claims 2 to 10, characterized in that each elongated plating member (16) is pressed against one of the second strips (12) of one of the plates (2a, 2b) directly consecutive in the stack, with the membrane (6) interposed between the two, and in that the elongated members (16) are shaped to partially fit into the second strips (12).
    [12" id="c-fr-0012]
    12. Exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises a succession of modules (Ml) stacked in the stacking direction (115), each module comprising:
    - a substantially flat membrane (6) orthogonal to the stacking direction (115), said membrane being permeable to water vapor and impermeable to said gases and to liquid water;
    - A first gas circulation plate (2a), the second strips (12) and the elongated plating members (16) are pressed against said substantially planar membrane (6), so that the first recesses (18a) and the parts of the substantially planar membrane facing these recesses (18a) jointly form a first row (5a) of several first channels (4a) for circulation of a first gas flow (A) adjacent in the transverse direction (118) of the exchanger and of triangular cross section;
    - A second gas circulation plate (2b) arranged symmetrically with respect to the first plate according to the substantially planar membrane (6), and whose second strips (12) as well as the elongated plating members (16) are pressed against said substantially planar membrane (6), so that the first recesses (18a) and the portions of the substantially planar membrane facing these recesses jointly form a second row (5b) of several second channels (4b) for circulation of a second gas flow (B) adjacent in the transverse direction (118) of the exchanger and of triangular cross section;
    - one of said membranes (6) in the form of a broken line representing a triangle signal, matching the first plate (2a) on the side opposite to that where said substantially flat membrane is located, and in that two modules (Ml) directly consecutive in the stack are arranged so that the V-shaped portions of the membrane (6) of a second module, open towards a first module, are penetrated by the second plate (2b) of this first module so enclosing said membrane (6) between this second plate (2b) of the first module and the first plate (2a) of the second module.
    [13" id="c-fr-0013]
    13. Exchanger according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that each membrane (6) is a flexible membrane.
    [14" id="c-fr-0014]
    14. Exchanger according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the stack of plates (2a, 2b) and membranes (6) is housed in an outer casing (106) of the exchanger.
    [15" id="c-fr-0015]
    15. Exchanger according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the elongated plating members (16) take any one of the following forms:
    - fingers, preferably of square, rectangular, circular, or elliptical section;
    - strips, for example of rectangular or elliptical section, the strips possibly being perforated.
    [16" id="c-fr-0016]
    16. Exchanger according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises, at the opposite ends of the stack of first and second plates (2a, 2b), respectively two closure plates (22) each having a face structured dedicated to the formation of fluid circulation channels, as well as an opposite face of substantially planar shape.
    [17" id="c-fr-0017]
    17. Air treatment and conditioning system (100) comprising an exchanger (1) according to any one of the preceding claims.
    1/14 s 60728 AP
    2/14
    112,114
    112,
    3/14
    118
    118
    P1 10
    1.0 14 1 b 18a W
    116
    P2 18a
    [18" id="c-fr-0018]
    18a 115
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
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    引用文献:
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    WO2001027552A1|1999-10-08|2001-04-19|Carrier Corporation|A plate-type heat exchanger|
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    WO2016016330A1|2014-07-31|2016-02-04|Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives|Improved enthalpy exchanger|
    US20200182559A1|2018-12-05|2020-06-11|Hamilton Sundstrand Corporation|Heat exchanger riblet and turbulator features for improved manufacturability and performance|
    DE102019105314A1|2019-03-01|2020-09-03|Martin Endhardt|Ventilation system|
    FR3099383A1|2019-08-01|2021-02-05|Commissariat A L'energie Atomique Et Aux Energies Alternatives|Method of manufacturing an exchange element of a bypass gas exchanger|
    法律状态:
    2017-09-29| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 2 |
    2018-03-16| PLSC| Search report ready|Effective date: 20180316 |
    2018-09-28| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 3 |
    2019-09-30| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 4 |
    2020-09-30| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 5 |
    2021-09-30| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 6 |
    优先权:
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    FR1658596A|FR3055951B1|2016-09-14|2016-09-14|ENTHALPIC EXCHANGER WITH SIMPLIFIED DESIGN|
    FR1658596|2016-09-14|FR1658596A| FR3055951B1|2016-09-14|2016-09-14|ENTHALPIC EXCHANGER WITH SIMPLIFIED DESIGN|
    EP17190662.1A| EP3296678A1|2016-09-14|2017-09-12|Enthalpy exchanger with simplified design|
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